根据澳大利亚移民局(IMMI)最新公布的消息,从2014年7月1日开始,厨师(Chef)、砌砖工(Bricklayer)以及瓷砖工(Tiler)将加入到澳洲技术移民的职业清单上(SOL),也就是说学厨师专业的同学,如果满足相关条件, 可以申请189类别的独立技术移民。对很多同学说,这应该是重大利好消息啊?!但在我们看来,既是,也不是。是,因为有聊胜于无,能申请总比不能申请强;而,不是,因为技工职业在当下制度申请独立技术移民是非常困难的,而雇主担保则要容易得多。下面比较雇主担保和独立技术移民的要求。
独立技术移民
首先,我们来看看当初被剔除的厨师职业。共有两个,一个是CHEF, 职业代码是351311, 另外一个是COOK,职业代码是351411,这是两个完全不同的职业,对学历和工作经验的要求都不一样,提醒同学在选择课程的时候要小心。如果要用CHEF提名,同学们一定要注意,需要完成DIPLOMA的课程,而光完成CERTIFICATE IV 是不够的。
其次,再看澳洲技术移民,目前是采用打分制的, 分数要求是至少达到60分。下面我们通过举例来分析:
(1) 年龄 (25- 32岁) – 30分
(2) DIPLOMA 学历 – 10分
(3) 澳洲两年的学习经历- 5分
(4) 雅思 4个6 – 0分
(5) 通过TRA职业技术评估
所以澳洲毕业的学生,毕业之初满打满算其基本分数只有45分。当然可以通过一年工作经验加5分, 在偏远地区学习可以加5分,如果有满足条件的配偶也可以加5分,只可惜大部分人没有这些条件。当然,如果雅思考到4个7分可以加10分。遗憾的是,雅思四个7对于这类读技工类课程的学生来说难度太大,可以说并不是一个可行项。所以从打分来看, 申请技术移民的难度非常大。
TRA职业技术评估的要求
需要完成Job Ready Program( JRP),只针对境内学生,通常分为4个步骤:
第一步:Provisional Skills Assessment, 要求完成两年学历, 雅思 4个6分( A类和G类均可), 至少有360个小时的相关工作经验, 无带薪要求。该评估可以用来申请境内的毕业生签证,申请费300澳币。
第二步:Job Ready Employment,要求在找到工作的雇主之后,注册相关的信息才能开始,需要在12个月中工作至少1725小时,必须带薪工作,申请费500澳币。
第三步:Job Ready Workplace Assessment,要求提名职业工作至少6个月,而且要完成863小时的带薪工作才可以进行这个评估,申请费2000澳币。
第四步:Job Ready Final Assessment,要求在完成以上的三个步骤的基础上,提交相关的证明文件,申请费150澳币。
详情可以参考TRA网站:
http://www.tradesrecognitionaustralia.gov.au/Programs/JobReady/Pages/default.aspx
雇主担保
根据以上分析同学们可以看出,独立技术移民这条路是不好走的,所以我们再来看另一类移民——雇主担保。该类移民不需打分,符合基本条件即可。澳洲的雇主担保也可以分为临时签证TR和永久PR两种。TR即我们常说的457签证,通常是4年的签证;要申请457类别的工作签证,如果是澳洲学历,一般来说如果签证官没有特别要求,是不需要技术评估的,雅思要求4个5分就可以。PR包括Subclass 186 类别和偏于地区Subclass 187类别。持有457签证后只要在提名的雇主那里工作两年,就可以满足条件申请186获得PR;如果是海外的学历,要求基本相同,只是比起境内学生,来自中国的厨师更加难以达到雅思的要求。 而如果申请187偏远地区雇主担保,则除了到偏远地区之外,甚至需要雅思达到四个六,虽然是一步到位,但对于该类申请人来说也不是一条容易的路。
结语:虽然今后攻读厨师课程有资格申请独立技术移民,但也仅仅停留在有资格,除非调整其他连带政策,如技术评估和打分系统,否则可以负责任地说,这只是移民局为了提振教育产业打的幌子而已。所以建议想通过厨师移民的同学,还是找到可靠的雇主,进而走雇主担保,才是一条康庄大道。
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